School-age girls with obesity are more likely to experience joint and muscle pain

In the study, published today in Archives of Disease in Childhood and funded by Barts Charity, researchers analysed anonymised information on 120,000 children, linking data from the National Child Measurement Programme with GP records. They found that girls with obesity were 1.7 times more likely than those with a healthy weight to have at least one GP consultation for a musculoskeletal symptom or diagnosis.

Previous research has indicated a link between musculoskeletal problems and obesity in children, but this study is the first to observe the association within a large, ethnically diverse population in the UK, with high levels of childhood obesity and deprivation. Knee and back pain were among the most common symptoms reported, and may be caused by excess weight placing additional stress on the body’s joints. More research is needed to understand why this results in an increase in problems for girls and not boys. 

Nicola Firman, Health Data Scientist in the Wolfson Institute of Population Health, said: “Our findings demonstrate the value of linking and studying anonymised health data – without knowing the identity of any child, we were able to produce important insights into the consequences of obesity for health during childhood.

“We hope our findings will increase awareness of the significance of poor musculoskeletal health, and drive more research into understanding the link with childhood obesity. More needs to be done at policy-level to support families to prevent obesity and potentially reduce the risk of musculoskeletal pain.” 

Victoria King, Director of Funding and Impact at Barts Charity, said: “With our funding, the REAL-HEALTH team at Queen Mary is using anonymised health data to gain insights and build tools that are directly impacting health outcomes locally. We are excited to see the results of this first-of-its-kind study from the team, showing an association between childhood obesity and musculoskeletal disorders in a diverse UK population. Building a stronger evidence base on the possible causes of joint and muscle pain could lead to policy changes that will improve the health of children in East London, as well as nationally.” 

The National Child Measurement Programme is a UK Government initiative whereby children of primary school age in England are weighed and measured at school by health professionals. The programme gathers data to understand long-term trends in childhood obesity and inform national and local authority policies.